Fajr
The Dawn Prayer : is performed after dawn and before sunrise. It consists of 2 units (raka’ah).

Dhuhr
The Noon Prayer : is performed when the sun begins to decline from the zenith point. It consists of 4 units (raka’ah).

Asr
The Afternoon Prayer : is performed midway between noon and sunset. It consists of 4 units (raka’ah).

Maghrib
The Sunset Prayer : is performed immediately after sunset. It consists of 3 units (raka’ah).

Isha’
The Night Prayer : is performed after twilight up until fajr although it is preferred to be prayed before the middle of the night. It consists of 4 units (raka’ah).

how many times shia pray a day ? / prayer times

• Pray On Time
  Remember, it is best to perform each of the five obligatory prayers as soon as the time has commenced, as it is
  not permitted to delay them without a valid reason, and it must not be delayed beyond its permitted time.
• Missed Prayers
  It is a major sin to miss a prayer deliberately; the missed prayer must be made up as soon as it is remembered.
  Any made-up prayer is performed in the exact manner it is prayed during it’s specified time.
• Prayer Calendars
  It is advised that you refer to an Islamic prayer timetable published by one of the local Islamic centres in your city for
  exact prayer times throughout the year.

Actions that Nullify Wudu’
Wudu’ is broken and must be redone before praying if any of the following acts occur:
1. Passing wind.
2. Passing urine or faeces.
3. Deep sleep, whereby one loses awareness.
4. Unconsciousness or intoxication.
5. Touching the private parts with the hand and fingers without a barrier.
6. Intimate relations between husband and wife or ejaculation (due to a wet dream, for example). A full shower known as Ghusl is
required in this situation.

If a person forgets whether they have nullified their wudu’ or not, then their wudu’ is NOT nullified (regardless of whether the person is
praying or not) until they are certain that they have nullified their ablution through one of the acts listed above.

Today’s Islamic Date & Time with Namaz Time Table – Calendar :

What are the Muslim months

• 1. MUHARRAM This month’s name is taken from the word “Haram” which means forbidden. There was a custom in Arabia which
  forbade fighting during this month. After Islam, this custom was taken away by Allah (swt). This month was one of the four sacred months.
• 2. SAFAR This word means “whistling of the wind”. When this name was assigned to this month, it was probably a windy time of
  the year. As mentioned earlier, most of the months were named according to weather conditions at the time.
  However, since they are based on the moon, the months shift about 11 days every year. So, the seasons do not necessarily correspond to the name of the month anymore.
• 3. RABI’ AL-AWAL The first month of spring. It seems it was spring time when the name was given.
• 4. RABI’ ATHANI The second month of spring.
• 5. JUMADA AL-UWLA The first month of summer. “Jumada” means dry.
• 6. JUMADA ATHANIA The second month of summer.
• 7. RAJAB Another one of the sacred months in which fighting was forbidden prior to Islam. This was one of the most
  respected months for the Arabs. It is also called Rajab al Fard. Fard means alone; because the other three sacred months come one after another, except this month. It comes alone not like the other 3 consecutive sacred months.
• 8. SHA’BAN This month’s name was derived from the word “shu’ba”, which means branch. The Arabs used to branch out during this month to look for water.
• 9. Ramadan : It is the month in which it is believed that the Holy Qur’an was sent down from heaven “as a guidance for men and women, a declaration of direction, and a means of salvation.”
• 10. SHAWWAL Taken from the word “shala” which means “when the female camel gets pregnant”. When this name was given,
  the female camels used to get pregnant during this time of the year.
• 11. Dhul QI’DAH Taken from the word “qa’ada” which means to sit. This is the third sacred month in which fighting was forbidden. The
  people also used to stop their business activities during this month and sit and prepare for the Hajj (Pilgrimage). This is also a sacred month.
• 12. Dhul-Hijjah This is the last sacred month in which fighting was forbidden. This is the month in which the Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) was performed.

Sources of Islamic History

The main sources of Islamic History are the Qur’an and the Hadith. Material and
literary sources such as architectural monuments and historical works are also used.
Historical works include:
• Diwanul Arabs (The pre-Islamic poetry)
• Ayyamul Arabs (The days of the Arabs – Tales of battle days of tribes)
• Tabaqat (Group Relating History)
• Sira Literature (Biographies)
• Houwaliyat (Chronicles)
• Khabar (Historical Anecdotes)
• Ilmul Ansab (Genealogy)

Some important works on Islamic History

• Sirathul Rasulullah – Ibn Ishaq
• Thariq-ul-Rasul-wal-Muluk – Al Tabari
• Muqadhima – Ibn Khaldun
• Akbar Nama – Abul Fazal
• Kitabul Hind – Al- Biruni
• Thuhfathul Mujahidin – Shaik Zainudin

what are the five times of prayer ? :

The five pillars of Islam remain the core and obligatory practices of Muslims

• 1. The profession of faith.
  A Muslim is one who proclaims “there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is
  the messenger of God”. It affirms Islam’s absolute monotheism, an
  uncompromising faith in the oneness of God. The second part of the confession
  of faith is the affirmation of Muhammad as the messenger of the God, the last
  and final Prophet.
• 2. Prayer.
  Five times each day, Muslims are called to worship God by Muazzin (caller to
  prayer) from mosques. Muslims individually or in group, can perform their
  prayers (Salat-Arabic, Namaz-persian). The times of the prayer are daybreak,
  noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and late evening. Ritually, prayer is preceded by
  ablutions (Wudu) that cleans the body. A special feature of the Friday prayer
  is a sermon (Khutuba) preached from a pulpit(Mimber).
• 3. Almsgiving (Zakat)
  All capable adult Muslims are obliged to pay zakat in accordance with their
  wealth. A certain percentage of the accumulated wealth and assets is to be
  given to the poor. During the period of Islamic rule zakat was collected from
  individuals and distributed to the deserving people, under the supervision of
  state.
• 4. The fast of Ramadan.
  Every year during the month of Ramdan, Islam prescribes a rigorous fast during
  the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. All adult
  Muslims in good health should observe from dawn to sunset, abstinence, not
  only from food, drink and sexual activity but also from all kinds of wrong
  doings. The month of Ramadan comes to an end with a great celebration,
  Eid -ul-Fitr.
• 5. Pilgrimage: the Hajj.
  Ramadan is followed by the beginning of the pilgrimage season. Every adult
  Muslim who is physically and financially able is expected to perform the annual
  pilgrimage (Hajj) to Makkah at least once in his or her lifetime. The hajj takes
  place during the twelfth month, Dhul Hajj of the Hijra calendar. Tenth Dhul Hajj
  is another day of celebration, Eid al Adha.

The Origin of the Islamic Calendar :

• Muharram (1st Month – “Forbidden”):
  • Islamic New Year: Begins 1st Muharram. Sunnis celebrate with joy, focusing on God’s glory and migration; Shias mourn the martyrdom of Imam Husayn, emphasizing justice. Shias wear black, fast half-day on Ashura, and participate in rituals of grief for the first 10 nights.
  • Ashura (10th Muharram): Sunnis commemorate Noah’s ark and the Exodus; Shias mourn Husayn’s martyrdom at Karbala (680 CE). Fasting is common, with Shias fasting until late afternoon. Emphasis on justice and repentance.
• Safar (2nd Month – “Empty”):
  • Arba’een (20th Safar): Shias mark 40 days after Husayn’s martyrdom with pilgrimages to Karbala, focusing on justice and remembering the suffering of Husayn’s family. Rituals include elegies and prayers.
• Rabi’-ul-Awwal (3rd Month – “First Spring”):
  • Hijrah: Early Rabi’-ul-Awwal, commemorates Prophet Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Medina (622 CE), marking the Islamic calendar’s start. Focus on freedom and migration.
  • Milad-un Nabi: Sunnis celebrate Muhammad’s birth on the 12th, Shias on the 17th. Joyous, with lectures, parades, and illuminations.
• Rajab (7th Month – “To Respect”):
  • Isra’ & Mi’raj (27th Rajab): Celebrates Muhammad’s night journey to Jerusalem and ascension to heaven, establishing the five daily prayers. Marked by awe, gratitude, and lectures. No special fasting.
• Sha’ban (8th Month – “To Spread”):
  • Mid Sha’ban (15th): Shias celebrate the birth of the 12th Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, and his occultation. A time for spiritual reflection before Ramadan.
• Ramadan (9th Month – “Parched Thirst”):
  • Ramadan: Month-long fasting from dawn to sunset, fulfilling the fourth Pillar of Islam (Sawm). Focus on self-discipline, charity (Zakat), and Qur’an recitation. Divided into three phases: mercy, forgiveness, grace.
  • Lailatul Qadr (Night of Power): On an odd night in the last 10 days, celebrates the Qur’an’s revelation. Emphasis on spiritual reflection and prayer.
• Shawwal (10th Month – “Light and Vigorous”):
  • Eid-ul Fitr: Begins 1st Shawwal, a three-day feast celebrating the end of Ramadan. Focus on gratitude, charity (Zakat al-Fitr), and sharing with the poor. Includes communal prayers and gift-giving.
  • Six Days of Fasting: Optional fasting in Shawwal for additional blessings.
• Dhul-Hijjah (12th Month – “Month of Hajj”):
  • Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca, fulfilling the fifth Pillar of Islam, required once if able. Commemorates Abraham, Ishmael, and Hagar’s faith. Key rituals include circumambulating the Ka’bah, running between Safa and Marwa, stoning Satan, and standing at Arafat (9th) for forgiveness. Eid-ul-Adha (10th) involves animal sacrifice and feasting.
  • Day of Arafat (9th): Central to Hajj, a day of prayer and forgiveness at the Mount of Mercy.

Satyabrata

Hi, I’m Satyabrata Jana (M.Com), the creator/founder and author of reflectu.in — your one-stop destination for daily updates, smart tools, and trending news, I’ve built this platform to simplify and streamline information in a way that’s useful, reliable, and accessible to everyone.

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